Bladder cancer is a common type of cancer that begins in the bladder cells. The bladder in your lower abdomen is a hollow, urinary muscle organ. In cells (urothelial cells) that line your bladder inside, bladder cancer usually begins. In the kidneys and tubes (ureters), which connect the kidneys to the bladder, urothelial cells are also found. The kidneys and tube (ureter) that connect the kidneys with the bloader are also found with Urothellial cells. In kidneys and ureters, urothelial cancer may occur, however, is much more common in the bladder. When cancer is highly treatable, most bladder cancers are diagnosed early in the process. But even early-stage cancers of the bladder can come back after successful treatment. For this reason, for years after treatment, people with bladder cancer usually need follow-up tests to look for recurrent bladder cancer.
Symptoms of bladder cancer may include:
Urine blood (hematuria) may cause the urine to appear bright red or
colored cola, although sometimes the urine appears normal and blood is detected
in the laboratory test.
• Frequent urination;
• Painful urination;
• Pain back
Different organisms in the bladder may become cancerous. The type of
bladder cell where cancer begins is determined by the type of bladder cancer.
Doctors use this analysis to find which treatments are best suited for you.
Types of cancer of the bladder include:
Carcinoma of the Urothelial- Urothelial carcinoma, previously referred
to as transitional cell carcinoma, occurs in cells that line the inside of the
bladder. Urothelial cells broaden when the bladder is full and contract when
the bladder is empty. The same cell lines the urethra and urethra inside and
can also develop cancers. Carcinoma of the squamous cell- Squamous cell
carcinoma is associated with chronic inflammation of the bladder, such as
infection or long-term use of a urinary catheter. Squamous cell bladder cancer
is rare in the United States of America. It is more common in parts of the
world where a certain parasitic infection (schistosomiasis) is a prevalent
cause of infections of the bladder.
Adenocarcinoma - Adenocarcinoma starts in cells in the bladder that form
mucus-secreting glasses. Bladder adenocarcinoma is very uncommon.
A variety of cells can become cancerous in your bladder. The bladder cell type in which cancer begins determines the type of cancer in the bladder. Physicians use this data to determine which treatments can best work for you.
The treatment options for bladder cancer depend on several factors,
which are considered in conjunction with your overall health and treatment
preferences, including the type of cancer, degree of cancer, and stage of
cancer.
Treatment of cancer of the bladder may include:
· Bladder chemotherapy -To treat cancers that are restricted to the lining of the intestine but are at high risk of recurrence or progression to a higher stage.
· Chemotherapy in the whole body (systemic chemotherapy), to increase the chance of a cure in a person having surgery to remove the bladder, or as a primary therapy when surgery is not an option.
· Radiation therapy, cancer cell destruction, often as primary therapy when surgery is not an option or is not desired.
Targeted treatment
Targeted therapy drugs focus on the specific weaknesses present in
cancer cells. Targeted drug treatment can cause cancer cells to die by
targeting these weaknesses. Your cancer cells may be tested to see whether
targeted therapy is likely to be effective.
Targeted therapy may be an option for the treatment of advanced bladder cancer when other treatments have not helped.
Conservation of the bladder
In some situations, people with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who do
not want to undergo surgery to remove the bladder may consider trying a
combination of treatments instead. This approach combines TURBT, chemotherapy,
and radiation therapy, known as trimodality treatment.
If your doctor suspects that you may have cancer of the bladder, you may
be referred to a doctor who specializes in the treatment of urinary tract
diseases and conditions (urologist). In some cases, you may be referred to
other specialists, such as physicians who treat cancer (oncologists). Because
there is often a lot of information to discuss, it's a good idea to be well
prepared.
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