Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a surgical tissue graft that replaces the anterior cruciate ligament in the knee to restore its function after injury. The torn ligament may be removed from the knee or preserved prior to the reconstruction of the arthroscopic procedure. In simple terms the knee is a hinged articulation, which can be held together by the ligaments of medium collateral, side collateral frontal cross and rear cruciate. The ACL runs diagonally in the middle of the knee to stop the tibia from sliding outside the femur and to provide the knee with rotating stability. For stability, especially in the activities involving gliding, pivoting or kickback, the anterior cruciate is important. With ruptured ACL, the knee becomes unstable and the joint can get damaged with the time. The reconstruction of ACL is the optional surgical treatment.
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ACL Reconstruction
General Principles.
•
Restoration of stability
•
Maintenance of the entire active motion range
• Function
of the isometric ligament
The
surgical treatment is encouraged for active adult patients who participate in
sports or jobs that require swivelling, turning and hard-cutting, as well as
heavy manual labour. This includes elderly patients for whom ACL operation was
previously excluded. Activity should be determined, not age, if surgery should
be taken into account.
Symptoms:
You might
hear a "popping" sound when you injure your anterior cruciate
ligament and feel that your knee is spreading out from under you. Other
symptoms are typical:
• Knee bruising
and Swelling within 24 hours. The swelling and pain can resolve themselves if
ignored. Your knee will probably be unstable if you try to return to sport, and
you will risk further damaging your knee's chuckling cartilage (meniscus).
• Loss of
full movement
• Tender
joint line
•
Inconvenience when walking
Therapy
Therapy for an ACL tear varies
according to the individual patient's needs. For instance, young athletes
engaged in sporting agility most likely need surgery to return to sport safely.
The less active and usually older person can return without surgery to a silent
lifestyle.
Treatment
without surgery
Without
surgery, a torn ACL won't heal. Non-chirurgical treatment can be effective,
however, for patients with very low activity or who are older. Your doctor may
recommend simple, non-chirurgical options if the overall knee stability is
intact. A brace may be recommended by your doctor to protect your knee against
instability. You may be given crutches to prevent putting weight on your leg to
further protect your knee. A careful rehabilitation programme is launched as
swelling goes down. Specific exercises will restore your knee function and
strengthen your leg muscles.
Treatment
for surgery
The
ligament needs to be reconstructed to repair the ACL and restore knee
stability. Your doctor will substitute a tissue graft for your torn ligament.
This graft serves as a tool to develop a new ligament. An arthroscopy is
performed with small incisions to rebuild an anterior cruciate ligament. The
advantages of less invasive techniques include less surgery pain, less hospital
spending and more rapid recovery.
Management
of pain
You're
going to feel some pain after surgery. This is a natural part of the process of
healing. Your doctor and your nurses work to reduce your pain, so that you can
recover more quickly from surgery. Short-term pain relief after surgery is
often prescribed for medication
Rehabilitation
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