Adrenal cancer Treatment In India

Adrenalcancer is rare cancer that begins in one or both of the small, triangular glands (adrenal glands) on the top of your kidneys. Adrenal glands produce hormones that give direction to virtually every organ and tissue in your body. Adrenal cancer, also known as adrenocortical cancer, can occur at any age. But it is most likely to affect children younger than 5 years of age and adults in the 40s and 50s.

The inner part of the adrenal gland, the medulla, is an extension of the nervous system. Nervous system hormones such as norepinephrine and epinephrine (also called adrenaline) are produced in the medulla. Tumours and cancers that begin in the adrenal medulla include pheochromocytomas (most often benign) and neuroblastomas. Tumours and adrenal cortex cancers are covered here, but there are no adrenal medulla tumours. Neuroblastomas are treated separately elsewhere.

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The two main types of adrenal cortex tumours are:

Adenomas (benign or non-cancer tumours)

Carcinomas (cancer or malignant tumours)

Treatment: Adenomas can be cured by removing the adenoma-containing adrenal gland. Some adrenal adenomas that cause hormone-related symptoms may be effectively treated with drugs that block the production or action of these hormones. This may be the best treatment option for patients with other serious medical problems who may not be able to have major surgery.

The type of cancer in the adrenal glands cortex is called adrenal carcinoma or simply adrenal cancer. The majority of cancers found in the adrenal gland are not sugar cancers. This rare type of cancer is also known as adrenocortical cancer (or carcinoma). Instead, they began to spread through the bloodstream to the accede glands in other bodies or tissues. Lung, melanoma, and breast cancers, for example, frequently spread into the adrenal. When others spread to the adrenals, adrenal cancer is not considered. They are named and treated based on where they started.

 

Testing procedures used to identify adrenal cancer

Blood and urine tests. Laboratory blood and urine tests may reveal unusual levels of hormones produced by the adrenal glands, including cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens.

Testing the imagery. Your doctor may recommend CT, MRI, or positron emission tomography (PET) scans to better understand any growths in your adrenal glands and to see if cancer has spread to other parts of your body, such as your lungs or your liver.

Analysis of your adrenal gland in the laboratory. If your doctor suspects that you may have adrenal cancer, he or she may recommend that you remove the affected adrenal gland. The gland is analysed in a laboratory by a doctor who studies the tissues of the body (pathologist).

Treatment of adrenal cancer usually involves surgery to remove all cancers. Other treatments may be used to prevent cancer from returning or if surgery is not an option.

Surgery: The goal of surgery is to remove all of adrenal cancer. To achieve this, all affected adrenal gland (adrenalectomy) must be removed by the physician.

Drugs to reduce the risk of recurrence: An older drug Mitotane may be recommended after surgery to treat advanced adrenal cancer has shown promise to delay the recurrence of the disease after surgery.

Radiotherapy: High-energy beams, like X-rays and protons, are used by radiation therapy to kill cancer cells.

Physiotherapy: Chemotherapy is a drug that uses chemicals to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be an option to slow the progression of cancer in the case of adrenal cancers that cannot be removed by surgery or returned after initial treatment.

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